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你给宝宝挑选的衣服安全吗?
2019-05-05

新闻资讯

你给宝宝挑选的衣服安全吗?

衣食住行,穿衣排在首位。各种款式、各种质地,如今宝宝的服装也在不断追求潮流和时尚,除了美观与实用性,各位家长,你们有没有考虑过儿童服装的安全性呢?

一项调查显示,近七成的80后父母为宝宝选购童装时首要关注点是“款式”,大多数的父母竟然从未意识到服装会给宝宝带来安全隐患。国家质检总局自2006年以来,每年都会发布童装质量监督抽检报告。虽然近年来产品抽样合格率在不断提升,但网购童装合格率仅为10%!违规产品主要涉及“三无产品”、可分解致癌芳香胺染料、酸碱度(pH)、绳带要求、附件抗拉强力、耐唾液色牢度等。

儿童服装带来的客观安全问题主要分为物理机械安全和化学成分安全两大部分。

 

物理机械安全

据研究显示,在有关童装的安全事故中,由于设计不符合相应标准而导致儿童被勒死或缠住、窒息一类的事件占到了相当大的比例。目前美国和欧盟均对儿童服装上的束带和绳索设置了专门的法规要求。在我国实施《童装绳索和拉带安全要求》、《儿童上衣拉带安全规格》和《提高机械安全的儿童服装设计和生产实施规范》、《婴幼儿及儿童纺织产品安全技术规范》等童装国家标准。

绳带
《婴幼儿及儿童纺织产品安全技术规范》规定,婴幼儿及7岁以下儿童服装头部和颈部不应有任何绳带。因为带有绳带的服装易导致勒伤、勾住和缠绊等伤害,而有的绳带设计用坚硬部件终结末端,例如套环或铃铛等,会增加缠绊的危险——儿童因衣物上的抽绳缠绕游乐设施(如滑滑梯)、车门等,最终酿成悲剧的事件屡见不鲜。

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除此之外,还有一种危害短时间内不易被察觉:松散、未修剪的绳线可能会包覆手指或脚趾,阻碍血液循环,产生局部缺血性伤害。

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所以,对于婴幼儿来说,应避免穿着带有非功能性绳带的衣物!家长需要注意的是,一些可拆卸的蝴蝶结、衣服上长长的兔子耳朵设计等,由于长宽之比大于2:1,也被视为绳带之一,应谨慎购买及使用。

小零部件
纽扣、拉链或装饰物上的、穿着或整理过程中磨损产生的尖锐边缘都会对儿童产生刺伤、划伤或更严重的伤害。

纽扣、套环、花边等小部件若缝制不牢固,儿童可能会将其放入嘴里、鼻子、耳朵,造成哽塞、窒息等危险

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此外,带有拉链的男裤也可能造成儿童生殖器被拉链齿夹住。
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化学成分安全


偶氮染料
儿童服装往往颜色鲜艳亮丽,在设计上也会添加较多的图案及装饰,偶氮染料因其适用范围广泛,上色效果靓丽,色种齐全,是印染工艺中应用最广泛的一类合成染料。然而,部分不合格偶氮染料在一定条件下,可分解还原出具有致癌性的芳香胺类。这种可分解芳香胺染料之所以“恐怖”,是因为它无色无味且不溶于水,普通家庭根本无法发现也无法消除这颗“定时炸弹”,宝宝的身体系统尚未发育完全,长久接触可能会引发病变甚至恶性肿瘤。

甲醛
不合格童装主要的甲醛来源是固色剂、黏合剂及树脂等,这些服装成分都能持续分解产生甲醛,且会在童装表面累积吸附。如果童装的存储环境含有甲醛,也有可能造成衣物甲醛超标。此外,染化料本身也可能含有与甲醛反应的官能团,这些官能团可以吸收空气中甲醛,将童装化身为“行走的甲醛收集器”。童装中如果残留过量的甲醛会在儿童的穿着过程中逐渐地释放出来,并与汗液结合或水解产生游离甲醛,强烈刺激婴幼儿皮肤、眼睛及呼吸道黏膜。低浓度甲醛刺激会导致儿童皮肤过敏,引起红肿、发痒、皮肤炎症等,高浓度甲醛刺激会引起咳嗽、头晕、胸闷、呼吸道炎症和肺部炎症等,严重的情况会导致血液病甚至癌症。
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色牢度
色牢度不合格一直是问题童装的一大通病,主要原因是面料企业在染色中固色不牢或后处理工序漂洗不充分。用染色牢度差的面料制作的童装在遇到水、汗渍或唾液时,颜料容易脱落褪色,不但影响美观,并且颜料中的染料分子和重金属离子还可能被孩子食入或经皮吸收。婴幼儿有吮吸物体的习惯,若是童装中的辅料,包括纽扣、拉链等等中含有重金属元素,也会造成重金属中毒。

酸碱度(pH)
酸碱度(pH)不合格的衣物将直接破坏儿童皮肤的平衡机理,减弱皮肤抵御病菌侵入的能力,可能造成皮肤过敏、瘙痒、红肿等反应,甚至引发刺激性皮炎、接触性皮炎等。与此同时,酸碱度(pH)不合格的童装表面容易滋生细菌,微生物菌群大量繁殖形成致病菌,遗留在婴幼儿及儿童的身上造成感染。

 

《GB 18401-2010 国家纺织产品基本安全技术规范》

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《国家纺织产品基本安全技术规范》规定,服装可分为A、B、C三个安全级别,明确只有A类产品可供婴幼儿穿着。即3周岁及以下的婴幼儿服装必须符合A类标准,这是童装安全的重要指标。因为不同级别要求有害物指标的限量完全不同,A级最严,如对甲醛的要求,A级的标准是≤20mg/公斤,而B类则≤75mg/公斤,C类为≤300mg/公斤。

A类 :婴幼儿纺织产品,一般适用于身高100cm及以下的婴幼儿使用的产品可作为婴幼儿纺织产品;

B类:是指直接接触皮肤的纺织产品,如内衣类产品,裤子,袜子等;

C类:是指非直接接触皮肤的纺织产品,是指在穿着或使用时,产品不直接与人体皮肤接触,或仅有小部分面积直接与人体皮肤接触的纺织产品,如外套,毛衣等。

所以A类的产品要求最高,C类的要求最低。


儿童,特别是婴幼儿群体的行为以及智能水平尚未发育完全,自我保护意识和能力不足,极易受到外界的伤害和影响。故而儿童服装除了构造应适应幼儿穿着的特色外,还要根据不同年龄段的行为特点和心理特点,在生产与设计工艺上满足各个方面的安全要求。家长在选购衣物时除了要认准正规品牌及厂家生产的童装之外,也要学会判断,将危险拒之门外。

 

 

SAFELINK tips:

  • 尽量不要购买无厂名、厂址标识的儿童及婴幼儿服装产品,购买前应仔细检查说明书及产品标识等是否齐全。

  • 不要给儿童选择头部和颈部有任何绳带的服装,尽量为婴幼儿选择附件少的服装。GB31701-2015《婴幼儿及儿童纺织产品安全技术规范规定,对于幼儿(7岁以下)服装,头部和颈部不应有任何绳带。腰部绳带不要超出童装底边,应将其剪短后给孩子穿。背部有拉带伸出来的童装,以及绳带超出裤脚底边的裤子也都应尽量避免,因为长绳带容易使孩子绊倒或摔倒。

  • 钮扣或拉链头必须固定牢固,检查边缘是否有尖锐的毛刺以避免刮伤。对服装上钮扣的缺失不能掉以轻心。如果发现儿童误吞钮扣等附件或者出现突发性的腹痛、恶心或呕吐等疑似吞食硬物的临床症状,应立即送医进行救治。

  • 尽量选择款式简单、饰物少的服装,特别是金属饰物少的童装,童装上的亮片、水钻等饰物都可能导致孩子在穿衣服的过程中发生危险,比如误食、划伤、窒息等。                          

 
 
 
 
 

 

  • 尽量不给小男孩买带拉链的裤子,以免造成儿童生殖器被夹住。

  • 给宝宝穿衣服前,用手伸进衣袖、裤管中反复感受,看看有没有细线。

  • 袜子、手套、贴身衣裤,要仔仔细细地剪掉里面的线头、线圈。

 
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儿童居家安全,儿童高空坠落,地面防滑,儿童安全 Keywords: 儿童居家安全 儿童高空坠落 地面防滑 儿童安全